Private Funding for Ideological Causes

Arena 3.2 · weight 3 · reading 42.3 · opposed majority

14.1Scope

Private, non-party money that funds ideology.¹

The arena is measured by every private, non-party rupee a year for camp-aligned schools, missions, NGOs, think tanks, cadre bodies and media, domestic and foreign; worship money is counted in religious leadership instead.

Principal evidence: Private money a year for causes, no government and no party money: Hindutva-camp ₹5.5k cr (Sangh schools and cadre bodies, think tanks, aligned media) vs opposing camp ₹22.0k cr (church and mosque networks, minority schools and hospitals, environment, gender and rights NGOs, advocacy) (rev 5 private universe). Hindu temple offerings with no political use (₹32.5k cr) are not counted, per the agreed rules.

14.2Significance

Builds the institutions that outlast governments: schools, think tanks, NGOs, litigation.

14.3Indicators and weights

Table 14.1 lists the 2 indicators of the arena, the weight of each within the arena, and each indicator’s reading (the Hindutva-aligned share, from 0 to 100).

Table 14.1. Indicators of arena 3.2

14.4Reading

The arena reads 42.3, 7.7 points below parity, and is classified as opposed majority (a reading below 45). With a weight of 3 of a total 107.7, it contributes 1.18 points to the composite reading of 45.7.

The indicators diverge: the highest reading is for ideology-producing money only (advocacy, think tanks, media, cadre bodies) (58.8), the lowest for cause money, cleaned (₹ cr a year) (35.2).

14.5Measures and exhibits

The exhibits below are the Atlas’s own views of the data behind each measure: shares by side, the largest units, breakdowns by source, recipient and country, money-flow diagrams and time series. Full row-level ledgers are in the data file (Appendix D).

Measure 1. Cause money, cleaned (₹ cr a year)

Reading 35.2%

Measure 2. Ideology-producing money only (advocacy, think tanks, media, cadre bodies)

Reading 58.8%

14.6Evidence base

The arena rests on 443 coded units and 3,118 money flows. Of the units and flows, 557 are coded Hindutva-aligned, 2,546 opposed and 458 neutral, mixed or transactional. By source grade: 3,320 grade A, 90 grade B, 130 grade C, 2 grade D, 19 grade E.

The full set of rows for this arena, each with its source, is in the Atlas data file (Appendix D).